Rethinking Multicultural Spaces in Gimhae: Focusing on the ‘The Inoperative Community’ and Landscape Analysis
정현일 Jeong Hyeon-il
DOI: JANTVol.27(No.1) 1-34, 2024
This article studies the characteristics and meaning of the Gimhae multicultural space through Jean-Luc Nancy’s Inoperative Community(La communauté désoeuvrée) and landscape analysis. We first examine the formation process of the Gimhae multicultural space. Gimhae was a traditional city with many historical relics from the ancient era, traditional markets, and farmland. However, since the 1980s, migrant workers, international students, and marriage migrants have been flowing into Gimhae, giving the historical and traditional city a multicultural character.
The landscape of Gimhae’s multicultural space was territorialized within natural and social boundaries. In residential areas, migrants coexisted with the native population without revealing their ethnicity. In the downtown area, we found a unique and hybrid multicultural landscape with a mix of traditional markets, ethnic markets, and historical sites. Here, migrants went about their daily routine of buying goods, enjoying leisure, meeting acquaintances, and exchanging information. This gave Gimhae a new sense of placeness. Especially in the ethnic markets place, exchanges and daily life between natives and migrants were taking place, demonstrating the possibility of peaceful coexistence and a space of hospitality.
Next, we analyzed ‘inoperative’ and ‘artificiality’ in the Gimhae multicultural space. Even without policy support or prior regulations, the daily lives of migrants in Gimhae gave the Gimhae Multicultural Space its vitality and expansion. The naturally formed Gimhae multicultural space constituted a unique and hybrid multicultural landscape where natives and migrants coexist, and created a placeness that deviated from the representation of ‘a city of history and tradition’. On the other hand, the authorities and media that characterized Gimhae Old City as a space of crime suppressed the self-generating power of multicultural spaces and created conditions of tension and hatred. The local government’s multicultural sculptures were also not organically integrated into the hybrid multicultural landscape.
In conclusion, this article has shown the possibilities of multicultural spaces, the conditions for overcoming hatred and conflict in multicultural societies, and the theoretical basis for exploring the peaceful co-evolution of multiple civilizations through the Gimhae Multicultural Space.